Mozilla should start charging a licensing fee for starting your user agent with Mozilla/ Money problems solved!
1vuio0pswjnm7 44 minutes ago [-]
Maybe then folks would stop sending this header. To avoid licensing fees.
I have been omitting it for decades with great results.
wvbdmp 8 hours ago [-]
In a way it seems like a classic trademark violation, tricking people (or their servers) into thinking your product is someone else’s. I wonder if there are actual agreements about this these days.
wmf 5 hours ago [-]
User agent strings aren't really seen by people so arguably there is no consumer confusion. And if you need the Mozilla user agent for compatibility it's reminiscent of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_v._Accolade
There's a better explanation in the last comment on the page You linked.
ISTR that Netscape used to have in it's README or INSTALL (or maybe an "about"-like menu entry) a note that the name of the browser is pronounced Mozilla while only being spelled N-E-T-S-C-A-P-E.
GuB-42 7 hours ago [-]
Google would have to pay a lot of licensing fees then...
> Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; K) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/137.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36
It is Mozilla (nope), Linux (yes, in a sense), Android (yes) AppleWebKit (not Apple and not WebKit), KHTML (nope), Gecko (nope), Chrome (yes), Mobile (yes), Safari (nope).
So maybe they owe something to Mozilla, Apple and KDE.
rtyu1120 5 hours ago [-]
To be fair Blink engine started as a fork of Apple's WebKit engine. Although I wouldn't be suprised if none of the WebKit code is present on Chromium now...
const_cast 4 hours ago [-]
And to be fair on the topic of being fair, Apple's WebKit started as a fork of KHTML. So the string makes some sense.
technothrasher 8 hours ago [-]
Not all browsers (e.g. "Lynx/2.9.0dev.12 libwww-FM/2.1") :)
Rediscover 1 hours ago [-]
And all heavy lynx users know about changing that on the fly to Mozilla for screwy websites that claim they won't work with lynx. I'm happy that I am encountering such behavior less and less over time.
the_third_wave 6 hours ago [-]
Not to forget SpaceGoat/2000, my usual go-to when building something which does browser-like things. I've been using that one since before the year 2000 so maybe it is time for an upgrade to SuperSpaceGoat/2100?
My pet theory was that they wanted to stay on the next version indefinitely but Mac OS seemed to be indefinitely on version 10, and they couldn't be one behind. Funnily enough, soon after Mac OS went to version 11, Windows 11 was announced.
(realistically though, the '9x' problem does make a lot of sense)
DecentShoes 7 hours ago [-]
This is a straight up lie and it's very obvious.
Windows reports its version numbers as a series of integers or by bools from helper functions, not as a string, and if there was any code that did you could easily work around it by having it report "Windows Nine" or "Windows v9" or whatever.
There’s also no reason that the public facing name has to be the same as the internal name. They could have called it Windows 9 and internally reported it as anything in the apis.
Its basically standard in software to do this when the actual name for something comes out near the end or changes often so you don’t have to update all the code to reference the new name.
bigfatkitten 6 hours ago [-]
> There’s also no reason that the public facing name has to be the same as the internal name. They could have called it Windows 9 and internally reported it as anything in the apis.
This is what they were doing at the time anyway.
Windows 7 was 6.1, Windows 8 was 6.2, Windows 8.1 was 6.3.
rezonant 6 hours ago [-]
And still to this day, where Windows 11 is for instance version 10.0.26100
chuckadams 7 hours ago [-]
An alternate reason that doesn’t require such stretching of credulity around one broken piece of software is that MS already had two products starting with “Windows 9” and that people were likely to confuse them, whether end users or someone updating a catalog.
uxjw 8 hours ago [-]
TL;DR: Some code looking for Windows 95 or 98 only looked for "Windows 9" to match both, and would have matched Windows 9.
Now Apple has the year in the OS version we'll have people wondering in a few years what happened to iOS 19-25.
DecentShoes 7 hours ago [-]
This is false, Windows reports its version as a series of integers, not as a string, and if there was any code that did you could easily work around it by writing "Windows Nine" or "Windows v9" or whatever.
danielheath 7 hours ago [-]
I worked on a codebase that had this bug, so I’m not sure where you’re getting “this is false” from.
We sold software that was installed long-term at customer sites, and they weren’t going to update it until they needed to, so the bug persisted in production well after we fixed it.
Johnbot 7 hours ago [-]
Best I can tell it's only libraries that generate those sort of strings, which could just as well report a different string for Windows 9. The actual Windows API even returns the version information for Windows 8 if the application isn't manifested for 10 and onwards.
anamexis 7 hours ago [-]
Has anyone tried running a generic User-Agent on a standard modern browser? (By "generic", I mean one that does away with this whole compatibility dance.) I'm curious how much would break or degrade.
ryao 5 hours ago [-]
I once tried having my web browser claim to be the Google spider. It worked well and I completely forgot about it until one website soft banned me a year or two later for impersonating the Google spider. I contacted them to complain. They lifted the ban and told me the ban reason, which made me remember the experiment I never terminated.
chjj 4 hours ago [-]
I tried doing that in the early 2010s. Even back then it didn't work (github broke for example). If you did it today, you'd likely be blocked by a lot of major websites for "lying" about your user agent. Cloudflare turnstiles will stop working, you'll get captcha'd to death, and so on.
Even tor-browser doesn't dare to modify the user agent string in any major way. It's almost impossible to lie about because trackers don't actually care about your user agent. They're identifying your device/OS through side channels (canvas, webgl, fonts, etc).
arp242 7 hours ago [-]
Opera Presto didn't use it, and had a User-Agent like:
Opera/9.80 (X11; Linux zvav; U; en) Presto/2.12.423 Version/12.16
Didn't seem to cause that much problems.
It did keep the version at 9.80, presumably because >=10 must have caused problems somewhere.
sunaookami 1 hours ago [-]
God I miss Presto... but Opera did have major compatibility issues even when it was still popular.
userbinator 7 hours ago [-]
Unfortunately, everything that does fingerprinting/"bot detection" will get triggered.
Gigachad 7 hours ago [-]
All of the privacy stuff straight up breaks the internet these days. Try using a VPN and half the time CDNs straight up refuse to serve you the JS files so sites like supermarkets or flight booking websites load broken or show some generic forbidden error.
Blanking out the user agent would have to be pushed by either Apple, Google, or Microsoft. And out of those I feel like only Apple would do it. iCloud private relay doesn’t end up breaking websites since companies care about not degrading the experience for Apple users and make sure the site still works.
usr1106 7 hours ago [-]
Ironically Cloudflare blocks the real Mozilla derived browser on this Linux phone, so I can't access SO anymore. (Turnstile was broken a long time. It finally got fixed half a year ago. Now I note it does not even come up any more, just a static message that I should throw away my phone^W^W^W^W upgrade my browser. No idea whether Cloudflare or SO is to blame.)
userbinator 7 hours ago [-]
No surprise, CF is in bed with Big Browser. There are workarounds but I won't go into detail here since "the walls have ears"; suffice to say that the "bot" scraping companies still have no trouble getting around it.
dankwizard 4 hours ago [-]
It's funny, UserAgents are only used these days to either A - pretend to be a browser, B - bad actors exchanging decrypts
why haven't we deprecated this junk
shmerl 9 hours ago [-]
Really weird and convoluted reasons for it. A better question is why it was never fixed / renamed to proper names.
wolrah 8 hours ago [-]
> A better question is why it was never fixed / renamed to proper names.
Because the reason it is the way it is in the first place is compatibility with sites that are doing things objectively wrong already, which makes it really hard to get them to change.
The problem is that poorly designed systems limit access or disable features based on a user-agent allowlist, which is never the right answer. There is no right way to do it because it's always wrong, but people choose to do it anyways.
I'm personally a fan of treating broken sites as broken, but I understand that realistically any "alternative" browser has to deal with all the broken sites designed for whatever came before it because otherwise most normal users won't consider switching.
If I were made King of the Internet for a day and able to enforce any changes I wanted on everyone, all the major browsers would have to change their user-agent string to something totally unique on the same day, intentionally breaking any sites that are doing it wrong for everyone so the broken sites are forced to fix their own nonsense. That'd come maybe two or three decrees down the line from "All ISPs are required to provide a globally routable IPv6 block in accordance with RFC 6177, providing only CGN IPv4 is a capital offense".
Gigachad 7 hours ago [-]
Personally I’d get rid of the user agent entirely. Stop sending it and let sites query available features rather than check the specific browser version.
wolrah 3 hours ago [-]
There are valid reasons to want to know the specific user agent when working around bugs in old but popular versions, that's why I said a user-agent allowlist for access or advanced functionality was bad. That inevitably breaks any new platforms that haven't been explicitly approved, which is obviously bad. Denying access from or specifically only applying fixes to known bad versions is fine.
Also IMO it's useful as an admin to know what clients your users are using, but I do understand why many would prefer to limit the data shared with the sites you visit.
Gigachad 2 minutes ago [-]
The abuse of the user agent for tracking and unreasonably blocking browsers - Chrome only websites that work fine when you spoof the user agent - out weighs the usefulness of being able to work around browser specific bugs.
These days old browser versions are for most companies, a problem of the past. IE is well and truly dead, and almost all users have auto updating browsers now.
Websites shouldn't really attempt to fit themselves to the browser, just detect which features are available and if there is some odd browser bug, wait until it's patched if it's affecting a major browser.
wombatpm 7 hours ago [-]
When my site says Best viewed in Netscape, I mean Netscape Navigator. The rest of the world may have moved on, but static HTML 3.2 with the blink tag is forever.
wolrah 2 hours ago [-]
Proving my point, user agent allow lists would make it only ever work on Netscape, when the blink tag was supported in Firefox prior to v23 and any of its cousins, as well as Opera prior to v15 (where it switched to Blink and became yet another Chromium derivative). As long as your HTML wasn't total jank dependent on exact bug compatibility with Netscape specifically it should work fine on a wide variety of browsers.
wombatpm 47 minutes ago [-]
I had many fights with IT over coding to standards. They said, we do, our standard is IE 6.
They earned every ounce of pain for that decision.
fredoralive 9 hours ago [-]
To avoid breaking stuff basically, easier to have ugly UA strings than persuade every site that does weird UA parsing to fix themselves.
The main exception to this was Opera back when it had its own engine, which did use Opera at the start of its fairly clean default UA string. Then when they reached version 10 they had to make the primary version 9 with a second real version later in the string as sites couldn’t cope with two digit version numbers…
imiric 8 hours ago [-]
I miss Opera. It's a damn shame that it was so badly mismanaged, and ultimately sold off to investors, which further buried it into irrelevance. It now survives on gaming-oriented gimmicks and shady promotions. I hear that Vivaldi is supposed to be a continuation of it, but from what I've seen it's just another Chromium clone with a closed-source UI, without any distinguishing features.
Opera in the late 90s / early 2000s was excellent. It was lightweight and snappy. Among the first to support tabs. The Presto engine was the most performant on machines of the era. The trialware/adware was annoying, but the browser was solid. The built-in email client was decent as well.
In 2009 they launched a very interesting web server / sharing feature with Opera Unite, which unfortunately didn't gain traction.
Opera Mini was the best mobile browser for a few years as well, before smartphones took off.
fredoralive 7 hours ago [-]
Amen brother.
My personal big thing was the ability to "minimise" / deque tabs, a legacy of the really early version of tabs that were basically based around the concept of the Windows task bar (and MDI), not tabs. I'm not a Firefox user as it's the least worst option, and there used to be Firefox extensions that mostly (but not quite) did it, but Mozilla naturally broke it as part of their general view that making Firefox worse will somehow make it popular[1].
Also mouse gestures. Again, you can kinda do it with Firefox, but random stuff like the home shortcut screen don't support it nowadays because???
Also, I want a status bar. I don't care if it's old fashioned, but I want one.
Sorry if this is becoming a Mozilla / Firefox gripe fest.
[1] I don't think Opera had a nice preview view for RSS feeds, but Firefox did. Then they broke it for random reasons? Gee, raw XML is so much better than a sensible view, thank you Mozilla!
FirmwareBurner 8 hours ago [-]
>It's a damn shame that it was so badly mismanaged
I think even the best management in the world wouldn't have helped it survive the onslaught of Google's Chrome and their massive war chest in that time. It's like a team of girl scouts versus the NBA.
8 hours ago [-]
JdeBP 8 hours ago [-]
Possibly, but it wouldn't be the first time that people took a field that was supposed to be an originator name and made it something else entirely.
There's a field in the Volume Boot Record of disc volumes, in the PC compatible world, that was supposed to be the name of the OEM whose software formatted the volume. It was (and is) a few bytes of identifying human-readable text. Operating systems ended up doing string comparisons and parsing numbers, and breaking in odd ways, including not even recognizing their own handiwork, when operating system vendors did not use the name of the first vendor.
It has probably been long enough since MS-DOS 3.3 and in turn the Browser Wars that someone is right now failing to learn from history and making this mistake anew, yet again, somewhere.
Probably because now if you come with a different User-Agent you might get blocked by a WAF or a load balancer. Too much history to just forget overnight.
ronsor 9 hours ago [-]
Backwards compatibility at all costs
nreilly 8 hours ago [-]
Maybe we should move to something like termcap for browsers? /s
9 hours ago [-]
Rendered at 05:45:38 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) with Vercel.
The post popular answer includes: History of the browser user-agent string related discussions:
2022 (87 points, 20 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31246438
2019 (62 points, 22 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21085388
2018 (558 points, 168 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16525559
2013 (100 points, 32 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6674812
I have been omitting it for decades with great results.
Statute doesn’t reference consumers, and does list deception as being prohibited. So it’s at least debatable.
Also, I doubt tricking servers would indicate creating consumer confusion with the trademark.
ISTR that Netscape used to have in it's README or INSTALL (or maybe an "about"-like menu entry) a note that the name of the browser is pronounced Mozilla while only being spelled N-E-T-S-C-A-P-E.
> Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; K) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/137.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36
It is Mozilla (nope), Linux (yes, in a sense), Android (yes) AppleWebKit (not Apple and not WebKit), KHTML (nope), Gecko (nope), Chrome (yes), Mobile (yes), Safari (nope).
So maybe they owe something to Mozilla, Apple and KDE.
[1]: https://www.pcworld.com/article/435584/why-windows-10-isnt-n...
(realistically though, the '9x' problem does make a lot of sense)
Windows reports its version numbers as a series of integers or by bools from helper functions, not as a string, and if there was any code that did you could easily work around it by having it report "Windows Nine" or "Windows v9" or whatever.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/sysinfoa...
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/sysinfo/vers...
Its basically standard in software to do this when the actual name for something comes out near the end or changes often so you don’t have to update all the code to reference the new name.
This is what they were doing at the time anyway.
Windows 7 was 6.1, Windows 8 was 6.2, Windows 8.1 was 6.3.
Now Apple has the year in the OS version we'll have people wondering in a few years what happened to iOS 19-25.
We sold software that was installed long-term at customer sites, and they weren’t going to update it until they needed to, so the bug persisted in production well after we fixed it.
Even tor-browser doesn't dare to modify the user agent string in any major way. It's almost impossible to lie about because trackers don't actually care about your user agent. They're identifying your device/OS through side channels (canvas, webgl, fonts, etc).
It did keep the version at 9.80, presumably because >=10 must have caused problems somewhere.
Blanking out the user agent would have to be pushed by either Apple, Google, or Microsoft. And out of those I feel like only Apple would do it. iCloud private relay doesn’t end up breaking websites since companies care about not degrading the experience for Apple users and make sure the site still works.
why haven't we deprecated this junk
Because the reason it is the way it is in the first place is compatibility with sites that are doing things objectively wrong already, which makes it really hard to get them to change.
The problem is that poorly designed systems limit access or disable features based on a user-agent allowlist, which is never the right answer. There is no right way to do it because it's always wrong, but people choose to do it anyways.
I'm personally a fan of treating broken sites as broken, but I understand that realistically any "alternative" browser has to deal with all the broken sites designed for whatever came before it because otherwise most normal users won't consider switching.
If I were made King of the Internet for a day and able to enforce any changes I wanted on everyone, all the major browsers would have to change their user-agent string to something totally unique on the same day, intentionally breaking any sites that are doing it wrong for everyone so the broken sites are forced to fix their own nonsense. That'd come maybe two or three decrees down the line from "All ISPs are required to provide a globally routable IPv6 block in accordance with RFC 6177, providing only CGN IPv4 is a capital offense".
Also IMO it's useful as an admin to know what clients your users are using, but I do understand why many would prefer to limit the data shared with the sites you visit.
These days old browser versions are for most companies, a problem of the past. IE is well and truly dead, and almost all users have auto updating browsers now.
Websites shouldn't really attempt to fit themselves to the browser, just detect which features are available and if there is some odd browser bug, wait until it's patched if it's affecting a major browser.
They earned every ounce of pain for that decision.
The main exception to this was Opera back when it had its own engine, which did use Opera at the start of its fairly clean default UA string. Then when they reached version 10 they had to make the primary version 9 with a second real version later in the string as sites couldn’t cope with two digit version numbers…
Opera in the late 90s / early 2000s was excellent. It was lightweight and snappy. Among the first to support tabs. The Presto engine was the most performant on machines of the era. The trialware/adware was annoying, but the browser was solid. The built-in email client was decent as well.
In 2009 they launched a very interesting web server / sharing feature with Opera Unite, which unfortunately didn't gain traction.
Opera Mini was the best mobile browser for a few years as well, before smartphones took off.
My personal big thing was the ability to "minimise" / deque tabs, a legacy of the really early version of tabs that were basically based around the concept of the Windows task bar (and MDI), not tabs. I'm not a Firefox user as it's the least worst option, and there used to be Firefox extensions that mostly (but not quite) did it, but Mozilla naturally broke it as part of their general view that making Firefox worse will somehow make it popular[1].
Also mouse gestures. Again, you can kinda do it with Firefox, but random stuff like the home shortcut screen don't support it nowadays because???
Also, I want a status bar. I don't care if it's old fashioned, but I want one.
Sorry if this is becoming a Mozilla / Firefox gripe fest.
[1] I don't think Opera had a nice preview view for RSS feeds, but Firefox did. Then they broke it for random reasons? Gee, raw XML is so much better than a sensible view, thank you Mozilla!
I think even the best management in the world wouldn't have helped it survive the onslaught of Google's Chrome and their massive war chest in that time. It's like a team of girl scouts versus the NBA.
There's a field in the Volume Boot Record of disc volumes, in the PC compatible world, that was supposed to be the name of the OEM whose software formatted the volume. It was (and is) a few bytes of identifying human-readable text. Operating systems ended up doing string comparisons and parsing numbers, and breaking in odd ways, including not even recognizing their own handiwork, when operating system vendors did not use the name of the first vendor.
* https://jdebp.uk/FGA/volume-boot-block-oem-name-field.html
It has probably been long enough since MS-DOS 3.3 and in turn the Browser Wars that someone is right now failing to learn from history and making this mistake anew, yet again, somewhere.